Abstract: It was important for pasture to scientifically apply nitrogen fertilizer and managing in red soil region.The development status of pasture was analyzed in details in red soils of southern China in the paper.On this basis,the paper overviewed the demand characteristic of pasture to nitrogen and principal questions existed in pasture fertilization,and systematacially expounded the N2O emission mechanism and influencing factors.Finally,combined with hilly pasture development,some questions strengthened for the future were discussed in order to provide scientific basis for sustaining development of modern pasture in the southern China.