Abstract: Chromosome specimen of kidney cells was prepared by using colchicine-low osmosis-air drying and Sumner’s(1972) C-banding staining method.The karyotype and C banding of Trichogaster trichopterus sumatranus were observed.The results showed that the karyotype formula of Trichogaster trichopterus sumatranus was 2n=46 t,NF=46,the lightly and darkly stained C-bands existed on centrometric and terminal spots of most chromosomes,and there was no heteromorphic sex chromosomes.Their relationship and systematic evolution were discussed by comparing with several other species in the same family.