Abstract: 218 peanut cultivars were tested to screen and identify their resistance to Sphaceloma arachidis in disease field naturally and artificial inoculated.The results showed that 16 cultivars Aisanke,Yinduhong,Facaisheng and Tiebanqing exihibited the S resistance to Sphaceloma arachidis,including most yincipal cultivars in China such as Eyou116,Quanhua10,Shanyou523 and Eyou551.26 cultivars including Shanyou71,Baisha1016、Jinhua1012 and Luhua12 exihibited the MS grade.61 cultivars including Yuhua15,Huayu17,Huaihua8 and Eyou9 exihibited the MR grade.20 cultivars including P903-2-40,ICG1376,Ganyinxuan1001 and Meiyinxuan41082 exihibited the R grade.Cultivars exihibited MR or R resistance to this disease can be used as the anti-disease parents in sexual hybridization.This result showed the rich disease-resistant genes in peanut germplasm against Sphaceloma arachidis.