Molecular Weight Distributions of Polysaccharides in Flabella and Roots of Sparassis latifolia Fruiting Bodies
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摘要: 为了明确广叶绣球菌Sparassis latifolia子实体的瓣片、基部可溶性多糖分子量分布差异，将新鲜绣球菌子实体经冷冻干燥、热水提取得到绣球菌瓣片多糖和基部多糖，通过β-葡聚糖酶酶解试验和高效凝胶渗透色谱（HPSEC）对绣球菌瓣片、基部多糖的分子量分布规律进行研究。结果表明：广叶绣球菌的瓣片多糖与基部多糖的重均分子量和分子量分布显著不同，绣球菌的瓣片多糖的重均分子量为3.88×105Da，主要成分的重均分子量为4.30×105Da；而基部多糖的重均分子量为1.43×106Da，主要由2.85×104Da的小分子量部分和分子量大于2×106Da的大分子量部分构成。酶解试验结果表明绣球菌基部多糖的水溶液中分子量大于2×106Da的部分无法被β-葡聚糖酶酶解。Abstract: Distributions of molecular weight (Mw) of soluble polysaccharides in the flabella and roots on fruiting bodies of Sparassis latifolia were compared. The fruiting bodies were freeze-dried after harvest prior to a hot-water extraction to collect polysaccharides for a high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) analysis and a β-glucanase digestion test. The HPSECresults showed that the average Mws and Mw distributions of polysaccharides significantly differed in the flabella and the roots. The polysaccharide Mw in the flabella was 3.88×105 Da on average with a main component at 4.30×105 Da; whereas, that in the roots was 1.43×106 Da with a majority of 2.85×104 Da and a few largerthan 2×106 Damolecules. The enzymatic digestion test indicated that β-glucanase could not degrade polysaccharides in the fruiting bodieswith a molecular weight greater than 2×106 Da.
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Key words:
- Sparassis latifolia /
- polysaccharide /
- molecular weight distribution
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图 2 绣球菌瓣片多糖的凝胶色谱
Figure 2. Chromatogram of polysaccharides in flabellae of S.latifolia
图 4 绣球菌基部多糖凝胶色谱图对比
注：A为原液；B为β葡聚糖酶酶解液。
Figure 4. Chromatograms of polysaccharides in roots of S.latifolia
表 1 葡聚糖分子量标准对照品保留时间及其对数值
Table 1. Retention time and logarithmic Mw of dextran standard
项目 分子量/Da 2.0×104 4.0×104 7.0×104 5.0×105 1.0×106 2.0×106 保留时间/min 16.26 15.817 15.057 12.830 12.613 11.323 lg(MW) 4.30 4.602 4.845 5.699 6.000 6.301 
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表 2 绣球菌瓣片多糖的分子量分布
Table 2. Polysaccharide Mw distribution in flabella of S.latifolia
组分 tR
/minMw
/DaMn
/DaMz
/DaMw/Mn Mz/Mn Ratio
/%总和 - 3.88×105 9.86×104 5.21×105 3.93 5.28 100 色谱峰1 13.323 4.3×105 3.5×105 5.23×105 1.23 1.49 89.94 色谱峰2 16.398 1.78×104 1.48×104 2.04×104 1.2 1.37 10.06 注:tR为峰保留时间；Mw为重均分子量；Mn为数均分子量；Mz为Z平均分子量；Mw/Mn为多分散系数；Mz/Mn为多分散指数；Ratio为相对含量。表 3同。
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表 3 绣球菌基部多糖的分子量分布
Table 3. Polysaccharide Mw distribution in roots of S.latifolia
组分 tR
/minMw
/DaMn
/DaMz
/DaMw/Mn Mz/Mn Ratio
/%总和 - 1.43×106 5.66×104 3.96×106 25.28 69.97 100 色谱峰1 10.798 3.93×106 3.42×106 4.49×106 1.15 1.31 34.38 色谱峰2 12.789 4.95×105 4.07×105 5.89×105 1.22 1.45 13.26 色谱峰3 16.032 2.8×104 2.49×104 3.08×104 1.13 1.24 52.36
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