1996 Vol. 11, No. 1
Display Method:
1996, 11(1): 1-7.
Abstract:
In this paper,the resources of land and sea area and the agricultural achievements obtained in the Eighth Five-Year-plan period and the corning difficulties in Fujian province were analysed.The objective of agricultural development for the year 2000 and ten measures were put for-ward according to the disposition of the provincial government and the views of the agricultural learned societies.
In this paper,the resources of land and sea area and the agricultural achievements obtained in the Eighth Five-Year-plan period and the corning difficulties in Fujian province were analysed.The objective of agricultural development for the year 2000 and ten measures were put for-ward according to the disposition of the provincial government and the views of the agricultural learned societies.
1996, 11(1): 8-11.
Abstract:
The meat hereditary character of Fuzhou Black Pig,Duroc,New Landrance,Sige and the cross-bred pig,altogether 12 breeds or cross-breeds of 86 pigs,was studied on this paper.The result shows that the meat indexes of the local Fuzhou Black Pigs are higher than that of all kinds of introduced rneat pigs.The rneat pH value of Fuzhou Black Pig is high,which is 6.24 ± 0.16;the colour of meat is in nomorl range,which is 3.33±0.21;the marbling of meat is distributed well,which is 3.33±0.21;the ratio of water loss(%)is low,which is 19.28±5.49;the meat fiber is thin and its diameter i,43.05±6.12μm.It shows at thexame time that in the introduced pigs the pork characteritics present sharp differences.The result also shows that in the cross breds,used Fuzhou Black Pigs female parent and the introduced pigs as male parent,the meat indexes of the crossbred pigs are hetween the average value of the two parents,but with their own characters,The meat quality of crossbreds DF and DNF is the highest by tising Duroc as the terminal male parent.When the leanmeat type pigs are developed and tixed,the male parent must be selected with great care in order to prevet PSF meat.
The meat hereditary character of Fuzhou Black Pig,Duroc,New Landrance,Sige and the cross-bred pig,altogether 12 breeds or cross-breeds of 86 pigs,was studied on this paper.The result shows that the meat indexes of the local Fuzhou Black Pigs are higher than that of all kinds of introduced rneat pigs.The rneat pH value of Fuzhou Black Pig is high,which is 6.24 ± 0.16;the colour of meat is in nomorl range,which is 3.33±0.21;the marbling of meat is distributed well,which is 3.33±0.21;the ratio of water loss(%)is low,which is 19.28±5.49;the meat fiber is thin and its diameter i,43.05±6.12μm.It shows at thexame time that in the introduced pigs the pork characteritics present sharp differences.The result also shows that in the cross breds,used Fuzhou Black Pigs female parent and the introduced pigs as male parent,the meat indexes of the crossbred pigs are hetween the average value of the two parents,but with their own characters,The meat quality of crossbreds DF and DNF is the highest by tising Duroc as the terminal male parent.When the leanmeat type pigs are developed and tixed,the male parent must be selected with great care in order to prevet PSF meat.
1996, 11(1): 12-13.
Abstract:
The Present paper reported the nutritional component of Geenriched Fruit bodies.The general nutritional copmonents,amino acids and mineral elements in Ge-enriched fruit bodies of Ganoderma lucidum was analyzed to compared with that grow in logs naturally.The results showed that the quality of G.lucidum cultivated in the Geenriched sawdust bags was similar to that grown naturally in logs.
The Present paper reported the nutritional component of Geenriched Fruit bodies.The general nutritional copmonents,amino acids and mineral elements in Ge-enriched fruit bodies of Ganoderma lucidum was analyzed to compared with that grow in logs naturally.The results showed that the quality of G.lucidum cultivated in the Geenriched sawdust bags was similar to that grown naturally in logs.
Effect of Auximone and Nitrogen on the Gemmiparous Growing in Tissue Culture for Seedless Watermelon
1996, 11(1): 14-16.
Abstract:
The experiments were made to determine the optimal concentrations of auxirnones(6-BA,IHA,Ad)and the best ratio of NH4+:N03-for the gemmiparous growing in the tissue culture.The results showed that 6-BA promoted the viviparous growing significantly with the concentration of 0.5～2.0mg/l,IBA affected the bud growth with that of 0.5～1.5mg/l,Ad related to the straight growth with that of 20～80mg/l.Both ammonia and nitrate were necessary with the optimal ratio of 0.2～1.
The experiments were made to determine the optimal concentrations of auxirnones(6-BA,IHA,Ad)and the best ratio of NH4+:N03-for the gemmiparous growing in the tissue culture.The results showed that 6-BA promoted the viviparous growing significantly with the concentration of 0.5～2.0mg/l,IBA affected the bud growth with that of 0.5～1.5mg/l,Ad related to the straight growth with that of 20～80mg/l.Both ammonia and nitrate were necessary with the optimal ratio of 0.2～1.
1996, 11(1): 17-21.
Abstract:
Experitmental results indicated that water dissolved oxygen(DO)need to be more than 3mg/l to meet the healthy growth of Clossoma brachypomum,Tilapia,Cyprinus carpio and Clarias fuscus.The variance of daily DO of artificial biosphere in paddy field(ABPF)is similar to that of the pond,which was high in daytime and low in night tirne,but DO of ABPF is lower than that of the pond,and the DO in pit of ABPF is lower than that on surface.The DO of ABPF frequently deficient during night time of the late stage of fish culture.The experitmental results also showed that,225m3/hm2 sprikling volum for 45min.from external watersprikling(EWS)system during night time could meet the DO requirements of fishes with the yield of 4377.2kg/hm2 in ABPF.The effect of EWS systern is negatively related to the fish density in ABPF,With the same fish mixted rate,the fish yield of ABPF is double to high-density fish culture which without EWS system.
Experitmental results indicated that water dissolved oxygen(DO)need to be more than 3mg/l to meet the healthy growth of Clossoma brachypomum,Tilapia,Cyprinus carpio and Clarias fuscus.The variance of daily DO of artificial biosphere in paddy field(ABPF)is similar to that of the pond,which was high in daytime and low in night tirne,but DO of ABPF is lower than that of the pond,and the DO in pit of ABPF is lower than that on surface.The DO of ABPF frequently deficient during night time of the late stage of fish culture.The experitmental results also showed that,225m3/hm2 sprikling volum for 45min.from external watersprikling(EWS)system during night time could meet the DO requirements of fishes with the yield of 4377.2kg/hm2 in ABPF.The effect of EWS systern is negatively related to the fish density in ABPF,With the same fish mixted rate,the fish yield of ABPF is double to high-density fish culture which without EWS system.
1996, 11(1): 22-24.
Abstract:
The effect of zinc deficiency on protein synthesis in rice was studied though a hydroponic experiment,The results showed that zinc contents had a closed relation to ribonuclease(RNase)activities.Zinc deficiency significantly increased RNase activity and decrease RNAand protein con-tents.Apositive correlation was found between the activities of RNase and the contents of protein,indicating that RNase activity increase was the reason for the retardation of protein synthesis under zinc deficiency.
The effect of zinc deficiency on protein synthesis in rice was studied though a hydroponic experiment,The results showed that zinc contents had a closed relation to ribonuclease(RNase)activities.Zinc deficiency significantly increased RNase activity and decrease RNAand protein con-tents.Apositive correlation was found between the activities of RNase and the contents of protein,indicating that RNase activity increase was the reason for the retardation of protein synthesis under zinc deficiency.
1996, 11(1): 25-29.
Abstract:
The seudoperennial propagation and utilization of Astragallus sinicus has been conducted since 1991.The results showed that the plants with certain mature seeds incorporated into soil at plowing time in Spring were distributed almost evenly in 0～10 cm soil layer and the seeds in soil could germinate in Autumn.The germination rate of seeds in the soil varied with the depth of seeds in soil layers.The germination rate of astragallus seeds in 0～4cm soil was about 72.9%of the total seeds in that layer.The biomass production of astragalus harvested in 1992,1993,1994 and 1995 was about 32.58,37.19,34.17 and 28.5t/hm2 respectively.This system is a simple,ecomomic and good for soil fertility and management,which opens a new way for sustainable agriculture.
The seudoperennial propagation and utilization of Astragallus sinicus has been conducted since 1991.The results showed that the plants with certain mature seeds incorporated into soil at plowing time in Spring were distributed almost evenly in 0～10 cm soil layer and the seeds in soil could germinate in Autumn.The germination rate of seeds in the soil varied with the depth of seeds in soil layers.The germination rate of astragallus seeds in 0～4cm soil was about 72.9%of the total seeds in that layer.The biomass production of astragalus harvested in 1992,1993,1994 and 1995 was about 32.58,37.19,34.17 and 28.5t/hm2 respectively.This system is a simple,ecomomic and good for soil fertility and management,which opens a new way for sustainable agriculture.
1996, 11(1): 30-35.
Abstract:
The integrated technique was experimented to get the high yield of seed production in chinese rnilk vetch(Astragalus sinicu)et.Varieties Mingzhi No.1,2,3,4.The key methods were showed as follow:(1)the optimum sowing time and rate,(2)using the trace elements at the seed soaking and the plant flowering,(3)adding the fertilizer of P and K for the poor soil,(4)controlling the elongation of stems by using PP333,(5)suppressing the pest and disease,(6)cutting the vigorous vegetation.The pest harvesting tirne for seed production was discussed.
The integrated technique was experimented to get the high yield of seed production in chinese rnilk vetch(Astragalus sinicu)et.Varieties Mingzhi No.1,2,3,4.The key methods were showed as follow:(1)the optimum sowing time and rate,(2)using the trace elements at the seed soaking and the plant flowering,(3)adding the fertilizer of P and K for the poor soil,(4)controlling the elongation of stems by using PP333,(5)suppressing the pest and disease,(6)cutting the vigorous vegetation.The pest harvesting tirne for seed production was discussed.
1996, 11(1): 36-40.
Abstract:
isolates of Pseudomonas solanacearum in sweet potatoes were obtained from 5 provinces of Fujian,Guangdong,Jiangxi,Jiangsu and Zhejiang.The tests of host range,infiltration and melanin formation showed that 63 isolates could infect tobacco and eggplant, but could not infect hanana.The infective ability was related to the pathogenicity of isolates.The tobacco leaves infiltrated by the isolates could caused necrotic spots in 24～60 hours.The isolates inoculated in the Ltyrosine medium could produce rnelanin.The division of physiological races was discussed.
isolates of Pseudomonas solanacearum in sweet potatoes were obtained from 5 provinces of Fujian,Guangdong,Jiangxi,Jiangsu and Zhejiang.The tests of host range,infiltration and melanin formation showed that 63 isolates could infect tobacco and eggplant, but could not infect hanana.The infective ability was related to the pathogenicity of isolates.The tobacco leaves infiltrated by the isolates could caused necrotic spots in 24～60 hours.The isolates inoculated in the Ltyrosine medium could produce rnelanin.The division of physiological races was discussed.
1996, 11(1): 41-44.
Abstract:
Thi;paper first reported the effects of temperature on life history and predatory functional response of Amblyseius longispinosus.The main results showed that,modles of the relationship between temperature and life history, predation and amount of lay eggs of A. longispinosus appeared as:Y=54.64-1.843X(r=-0.97),Y=9.9684+2.5231X(r=0.96)and Y=-6.763-2.011X(r=0.91),respectively.The functional response of A. longispinosus to Tetranychus kanzawai at 10℃+2,14℃+2,24℃+2.28℃+2.30℃+2 belonged to the modle of Holling Ⅱ.
Thi;paper first reported the effects of temperature on life history and predatory functional response of Amblyseius longispinosus.The main results showed that,modles of the relationship between temperature and life history, predation and amount of lay eggs of A. longispinosus appeared as:Y=54.64-1.843X(r=-0.97),Y=9.9684+2.5231X(r=0.96)and Y=-6.763-2.011X(r=0.91),respectively.The functional response of A. longispinosus to Tetranychus kanzawai at 10℃+2,14℃+2,24℃+2.28℃+2.30℃+2 belonged to the modle of Holling Ⅱ.
1996, 11(1): 45-49.
Abstract:
A cornplete set of rat control technique by luring,killing and evading has been summerized based on biological characteristics and population dynamics of farmland rats observed from 1989 to 1992.The controlling tactics of destroying rats twice in Spring and Autumn has been de-veloped.One hundred percent of young rats at thirtyday age has been used axthe index of proper stage for rat control at the peak stage of farmland rat populations,The demonstrational effect of farmland rat control by the cornplets set of“luring-killing-evading”technique was 96%,12.7%～15.2% more than that by“luring-killing”only.
A cornplete set of rat control technique by luring,killing and evading has been summerized based on biological characteristics and population dynamics of farmland rats observed from 1989 to 1992.The controlling tactics of destroying rats twice in Spring and Autumn has been de-veloped.One hundred percent of young rats at thirtyday age has been used axthe index of proper stage for rat control at the peak stage of farmland rat populations,The demonstrational effect of farmland rat control by the cornplets set of“luring-killing-evading”technique was 96%,12.7%～15.2% more than that by“luring-killing”only.
1996, 11(1): 50-53.
Abstract:
Two viruxes obtained from the mosaic diseases in passiflora caerulea and P. foetida in the southern Fujian,China,were identified to be two isolates of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus(CMV)based on the host range,their symptoms,serology and particle morphology.The both could infect some plants of Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae,Apocynaceae,Chenopodiaceae,Compositae,Cucurbitaceae,Labiatae,Leguminosae, Passifloraceae, Solanaceae,Sorophulariaceae.The purified Virus were exarnined to demonstrate the isometric particles of about 28～30 nm in diameter by the electron microscope.Two virus isolates had positive reaction to CMV antiserum and negative reaction to TMV,PFwV,PGMV,PFYMV antisera in protein A coating ELISA and SPA-ISEM.
Two viruxes obtained from the mosaic diseases in passiflora caerulea and P. foetida in the southern Fujian,China,were identified to be two isolates of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus(CMV)based on the host range,their symptoms,serology and particle morphology.The both could infect some plants of Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae,Apocynaceae,Chenopodiaceae,Compositae,Cucurbitaceae,Labiatae,Leguminosae, Passifloraceae, Solanaceae,Sorophulariaceae.The purified Virus were exarnined to demonstrate the isometric particles of about 28～30 nm in diameter by the electron microscope.Two virus isolates had positive reaction to CMV antiserum and negative reaction to TMV,PFwV,PGMV,PFYMV antisera in protein A coating ELISA and SPA-ISEM.
1996, 11(1): 54-57.
Abstract:
In comparisons with the raising seedings with plastic trayes in factory,characters of seedlings,qualities of mechanical transplantation,growth duration,agronomic traits and grain yield of the seedlings grown in polypropylene nursery in paddy field and by mechanical transplantation were similar,the only once inventment was 95% less,and simplified the procedures of the raising of seedlings.
In comparisons with the raising seedings with plastic trayes in factory,characters of seedlings,qualities of mechanical transplantation,growth duration,agronomic traits and grain yield of the seedlings grown in polypropylene nursery in paddy field and by mechanical transplantation were similar,the only once inventment was 95% less,and simplified the procedures of the raising of seedlings.
1996, 11(1): 58-61.
Abstract:
In order to raise the contribution rate of scientific and technological advances,the transforation of scientific and technological achievements must be improved.In this paper the major factors which made difficult for the scientific and technological achievements to transform into productive forces upto date were analyzed,the causes and the wavs to deal withwere also discussed.
In order to raise the contribution rate of scientific and technological advances,the transforation of scientific and technological achievements must be improved.In this paper the major factors which made difficult for the scientific and technological achievements to transform into productive forces upto date were analyzed,the causes and the wavs to deal withwere also discussed.
1996, 11(1): 62-66.
Abstract:
In present paper,achievements,effects and side effects of modern agriculture were discussed,the formation and the development of sustainable agriculture at home and ahroad,and errors in the understanding to sustainable agriculture nowadays were analyzed as well.Based on the national conditions especially on the stuations of national agriculture,the author put forward that modern intensive sustainable agriculture should be the path of the development of Chinese agriculture,and pointed out the focal points of the development of Chinese agriculture.
In present paper,achievements,effects and side effects of modern agriculture were discussed,the formation and the development of sustainable agriculture at home and ahroad,and errors in the understanding to sustainable agriculture nowadays were analyzed as well.Based on the national conditions especially on the stuations of national agriculture,the author put forward that modern intensive sustainable agriculture should be the path of the development of Chinese agriculture,and pointed out the focal points of the development of Chinese agriculture.
