Identification and Expressions under Low-temp/Draught Stress of Polyamine Synthesis Genes in Oil Palms

  Objective   Genetic information and resource of low-temp/draught resistant oil palms were studied with respect to the stress responses of polyamines synthase gene in the plants for breeding purposes.

  Method   Bioinformatics of polyamines synthase genes in oil palm were gathered from the genome bank, and their expressions under abiotic stresses analyzed.

  Result   Fifteen polyamines synthase genes were identified from the oil palm genome. There were between 318 and 720 amino acids in the genes with a molecular weight ranging from 36.00 kDa to 46.43 kDa and an isoelectric point between 4.78 and 6.31. The instability indices of the genes were found in between 29.26 and 48.73, the aliphatic indices in between 76.46 and 94.41, the gravy in between −0.315 and 0.082, and the exon number in between 1 and 11. They contained both specific conserved protein motifs and conserved domain. A phylogenetic analysis divided them into 3 families, i.e., EgADCs closely related to rice, EgACLs and EgSPDSs closely related to data palm, and EgSPMSs closely related to maize. Many cis-acting elements that response to phytohormone, stresses, and light were found in the promoters. The expressions of the polyamine synthase genes existed in different tissues of the plant and could be induced by either low temperature or draught stress. Specifically, EgSPDS1, EgSPDS2, EgSPMS1, EgADC1, EgADC2, EgACL5-2, EgACL5-3, EgSAMDC3-1, EgSAMDC4-1, EgSAMDC4-2, and EgACL5-1 were found to be upregulated by the imposed cold stress; while EgSPDS1, EgSPDS2, EgADC1, EgADC2, EgSAMDC4-1 EgSAMDC4-2, and EgACL5-1 by dehydration.

  Conclusion  The polyamine synthase genes were significantly expressed in tissues of the oil palms that could be induced by either low temperature or draught stress. Those responded to the abiotic stresses were identified in this study.