Pathogen Identification and Effective Fungicide for Cowpea Wilt Disease

ZHANG Xinyu; HONG Danlu; FENG Wanzhen; CHEN Qinghe

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2025.01.009

Volume 40 Issue 1

Jan. 2025

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Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences > 2025 > 40(1): 71-80. > DOI: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2025.01.009

ZHANG X Y，HONG D L，FENG W Z，et al. Pathogen Identification and Effective Fungicide for Cowpea Wilt Disease[J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2025，40（1）：71−80. DOI: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2025.01.009

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Pathogen Identification and Effective Fungicide for Cowpea Wilt Disease

ZHANG Xinyu^{1, 2,},
HONG Danlu^{1, 2},
FENG Wanzhen^{1, 2, ,},
CHEN Qinghe^{1, 2, ,}

1.
School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication )/School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan 572025, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Agricultural and Forestry Biological Disasters, Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan 　570228, China

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Received Date: December 03, 2024
Revised Date: January 07, 2025
Available Online: February 25, 2025

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Objective
Pathogens causing the cowpea wilt disease and an effective control agent were identified.
Method
Field surveys and statistical analyses were conducted to assess the prevalence of the wilt disease on cowpea plants at various growth stages. Infected plants were collected for pathogen isolation and purification in the laboratory. Suspected microorganisms were examined for morphological characteristics, analyzed for pathogenicity, and identified based on molecular determination. Mycelial growth rate as well as inhibitory effects on the potential pathogenic fungi and oomycetes under treatments of 10 fungicides were determined.
Result
Preliminary, 135 strains of microbes and 128 of oomycetes were isolated and purified. They included fungi like Fusarium oxysporum and Nigrospora osmanthi and oomycetes like Phytophthora vignae and P. nicotianae that displayed the disease symptoms on cowpeas. The mycelial growth of F. oxysporum showed varying degrees of sensitivity toward the 10 fungicides. Prochloraz had the highest inhibitory effect of an EC₅₀ of 0.086 μg·mL⁻¹ followed by difenoconazole with an EC₅₀ of 0.241 μg·mL⁻¹ and carbendazim with an EC₅₀ of 0.944 μg·mL⁻¹, while copper oxychloride least effective with a dismal EC₅₀ of 14 719.994 μg·mL⁻¹. The inhibition rates of cymoxanil-azoxystrobin were 55.32% against F. oxysporum and 100% against P. vignae and P. nicotianae. It appeared to be the fungicide most effective for controlling, preventing, and treating the disease on cowpeas.
Conclusion
The pathogenic species of cowpea wilt were clarified, and it was first report demonstrating that the pathogenic fungus N. osmanthi and the pathogenic oomycetes P. nicotianae could infect cowpea and cause cowpea disease. Effective control agents with significant inhibitory effects against pathogens were successfully screened, providing a scientific basis for the integrated management of cowpea wilt disease .
- cowpea,
- wilt disease,
- pathogenic fungi,
- pathogenic oomycetes,
- control agents

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